Stainless steel composite plate combines stainless steel with base materials such as carbon steel to form a composite material that combines corrosion resistance and structural strength. Its production mainly adopts two processes: explosive composite method and rolling composite method. The specific process and 

1、 Explosive composite method

1. Principle: Using the high-pressure shock wave generated by explosive explosion, the stainless steel cladding plate collides with the base steel plate at high speed, generating high temperature and pressure at the impact point, enabling metallurgical bonding (atomic diffusion) between the two metal surfaces in a very short period of time.

2. Process:

① Material preparation:

The base steel plate (such as Q235B carbon steel) and the cladding stainless steel plate (such as 304, 316L) shall be cut and processed according to the design requirements.

Clean the surface, remove oil stains, rust, and oxide scale, and if necessary, perform acid washing, shot blasting, or electrolytic treatment to increase adhesive strength.

② Assembly and explosion:

Place the stainless steel cladding in parallel above the base steel plate, maintaining a certain gap (gap height) between them. Sometimes, the cladding may have installation angles.

Spread explosives evenly above the cover board, and after detonation, the explosive shock wave pushes the cover board to collide with the base board at high speed, forming a metallurgical bond.

③ Post processing:

Remove explosive residues, perform leveling, cutting, heat treatment (stress relief), and non-destructive testing (such as ultrasonic testing).

3. Characteristics:

① Advantages: It can composite large-sized and thick specification plates (with a total thickness of several hundred millimeters), suitable for composite of dissimilar metals (such as titanium, copper, aluminum), and has high bonding strength (shear strength is usually close to or reaches the strength of weaker base materials).

② Limitations: High noise, safety risks, low efficiency, lower requirement for substrate thickness (generally not suitable for producing thin sheets with a total thickness less than 10mm), and environmental pollution issues.

2、 Rolling composite method

1. Principle: Under high temperature or room temperature, plastic deformation occurs on the surface of the coating and base metal through rolling pressure, damaging the surface oxide film and bringing the clean metal surface into close contact. Atomic diffusion occurs under pressure and temperature to achieve metallurgical bonding.

2. Process:

① Material preparation:

Thoroughly clean the surface of the base steel plate and stainless steel cladding (pickling, polishing, sandblasting, etc.) to remove oxide layers and contaminants, and activate the surface.

Stack the processed base and cladding steel plates together, and perform vacuum electron beam welding or argon arc welding around the edges to form a "composite billet package" (to prevent air from entering during rolling and causing oxidation).

② Heating and Rolling:

Hot rolling: Heating the composite billet package to a suitable temperature (usually above the recrystallization temperature, below the melting point of stainless steel, such as 1100-1250 ° C), and then applying high pressure on a hot rolling mill or cold rolling mill for multiple passes to achieve large deformation (such as over 80%).

Cold rolling: Rolling at room temperature, suitable for composite plates with low interface strength requirements, can avoid high-temperature oxidation and formation of brittle intermetallic compounds.

③ Heat treatment and post-treatment:

After rolling, diffusion annealing is carried out (usually under a protective atmosphere) to promote sufficient diffusion of interface atoms and improve bonding strength.

Cut off the edges, separate them into single composite plates, and perform straightening, edge cutting, acid washing, non-destructive testing, etc.

3. Characteristics:

① Advantages: High production efficiency, suitable for large-scale continuous production, capable of producing thin specification composite plates (as thin as 0.6mm), with good product size accuracy and surface quality (especially cold rolling).

② Limitations: The surface cleanliness requirement is extremely high, the initial investment is large, and the composite rate (bonding area ratio) may not be as high as the explosion method (strict control of the process is required). During hot rolling, a brittle intermetallic compound layer may form at the interface (which needs to be controlled).

3、 Other processes

1. Explosion rolling method:

By initially combining the explosive method and then hot-rolling to improve the interface performance and adjust the thickness, the advantages of both methods are combined to produce high-precision and large-area composite plates.

2. Vacuum rolling method:

Rolling in vacuum or protective atmosphere to avoid oxidation can further improve the bonding quality and composite rate, and is suitable for the production of wide and thin clad composite plates such as platinum group metals and titanium/steel.

3. Welding method:

By using fusion welding processes such as submerged arc welding and strip welding, stainless steel alloy is deposited on the surface of the base layer to form a composite layer, which has high flexibility but low production efficiency.